The Iranian Revolution of 1979

People poured into the streets of Tehran and other cities, chanting Marg bar Shah or Death to the Shah, and Death to America! Middle-class Iranians, leftist university students, and Islamist supporters of Ayatollah Khomeini united to demand the overthrow of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. From October of 1977 to February of 1979, the people of Iran called for the end of the monarchy but they didnt necessarily agree on what should replace it. Background to the Revolution Shah Reza Pahlevi, returning to Iran after a week-long exile due to the failled Mohamed Mossadegh coup detat.   Bettmann/Getty Images In 1953, the American CIA helped to overthrow a democratically elected prime minister in Iran and restore the Shah to his throne. The Shah was a modernizer in many ways, promoting the growth of a modern economy and a middle class, and championing womens rights. He outlawed the chador or hijab (the full-body veil), encouraged education of women up to and including at the university level, and advocated employment opportunities outside the home for women. However, the Shah also ruthlessly suppressed dissent, jailing and torturing his political opponents. Iran became a police state, monitored by the hated SAVAK secret police. In addition, the Shahs reforms, particularly those concerning the rights of women, angered Shia clerics such as Ayatollah Khomeini, who fled into exile in Iraq and later France beginning in 1964. The US was intent on keeping the Shah in place in Iran, however, as a bulwark against the Soviet Union. Iran borders on the then-Soviet Republic of Turkmenistan  and was seen as a potential target for communist expansion. As a result, opponents of the Shah considered him an American puppet. The Revolution Begins Throughout the 1970s, as Iran reaped enormous profits from oil production, a gap widened between the wealthy (many of whom were relatives of the Shah) and the poor. A recession beginning in 1975 increased tensions between the classes in Iran. Secular protests in the form of marches, organizations, and political poetry readings sprouted all across the country. Then, late in October of 1977, the Ayatollah Khomeinis 47-year-old son Mostafa died suddenly of a heart attack. Rumors spread that he had been murdered by the SAVAK, and soon thousands of protesters flooded the streets of Irans major cities. This uptick in demonstrations came at a delicate time for the Shah. He was ill with cancer and seldom appeared in public. In a drastic miscalculation, in January of 1978, the Shah had his Information Minister publish an article in the leading newspaper that slandered Ayatollah Khomeini as a tool of British neo-colonial interests and a man without faith. The next day, theology students in the city of Qom exploded in angry protests; security forces put down the demonstrations but killed at least seventy students in just two days. Up to that moment, the secular and religious protesters had been evenly matched, but after the Qom massacre, the religious opposition became the leaders of the anti-Shah movement. Ahmad Kavousian/Getty Images   In February, young men in Tabriz marched to remember the students killed in Qom the previous month; the march turned into a riot, in which the rioters smashed banks and government buildings. Over the next several months, violent protests spread and were met with increasing violence from security forces. The religiously-motivated rioters attacked movie theaters, banks, police stations, and nightclubs. Some of the army troops sent in to quell the protests began to defect to the protesters side. The protesters adopted the name and image of Ayatollah Khomeini, still in exile, as the leader of their movement; for his part, Khomeini issued calls for the overthrow of the Shah. He spoke of democracy at that point, as well, but would soon change his tune. The Revolution Comes to a Head In August, the Rex Cinema in Abadan caught fire and burned, probably as a result of an attacked by Islamist students. Approximately 400 people were killed in the blaze. The opposition started a rumor that the SAVAK had started the fire, rather than the protesters, and anti-government feeling reached a fever pitch. Chaos increased in September with the Black Friday incident. On September 8, thousands of mostly peaceful protesters turned out in Jaleh Square, Tehran against the Shahs new declaration of martial law. The Shah responded with an all-out military attack on the protest, using tanks and helicopter gun-ships in addition to ground troops. Anywhere from 88 to 300 people died; opposition leaders claimed that the death toll was in the thousands. Large-scale strikes rocked the country, virtually shutting down both the public and private sectors that autumn, including the crucial oil industry. kaveh Lazemi/Getty Images On Nov. 5, the Shah ousted his moderate prime minister and installed a military government under General Gholam Reza Azhari. The Shah also gave a public address in which he stated that he heard the peoples revolutionary message. To conciliate the millions of protesters, he freed more than 1000 political prisoners and allowed the arrest of 132 former government officials, including the hated former chief of the SAVAK. Strike activity declined temporarily, either out of fear of the new military government or gratitude for the Shahs placatory gestures, but within weeks it resumed. On December 11, 1978, more than a million peaceful protesters turned out in Tehran and other major cities to observe the Ashura holiday and call for Khomeini to become Irans new leader. Panicking, the Shah quickly recruited a new, moderate prime minister from within opposition ranks, but he refused to do away with the SAVAK or release all political prisoners. The opposition was not mollified. The Shahs American allies began to believe that his days in power were numbered. Fall of the Shah On Jan. 16, 1979, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi announced that he and his wife were going abroad for a brief vacation. As their plane took off, jubilant crowds filled the streets of Irans cities and began tearing down statues and pictures of the Shah and his family. Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar, who had been in office for just a few weeks, freed all political prisoners, ordered the army to stand down in the face of demonstrations and abolished the SAVAK. Bakhtiar also allowed Ayatollah Khomeini to return to Iran and called for free elections.   michel Setboun/Getty Images Khomeini flew into Tehran from Paris on Feb. 1, 1979, to a delirious welcome. Once he was safely inside the countrys borders, Khomeini called for the dissolution of the Bakhtiar government, vowing I shall kick their teeth in. He appointed a prime minister and cabinet of his own. On Febr. 9-10, fighting broke out between the Imperial Guard (the Immortals), who were still loyal to the Shah, and the pro-Khomeini faction of the Iranian Air Force. On Feb. 11, the pro-Shah forces collapsed, and the Islamic Revolution declared victory over the Pahlavi dynasty. Sources Roger Cohen, 1979: Irans Islamic Revolution, New York Times Upfront, accessed February 2013.Fred Halliday, Irans Revolution in Global History, OpenDemocracy.net, March 5, 2009.Iranian Civil Strife, GlobalSecurity.org, accessed February 2013.Keddie, Nikki R. Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.

Parental Pressure on Children Playing Organized Sports Essay

These days, there is too much pressure on children who participate in organized sports because of the unnecessary parental involvement they experience. A growing concern amongst those involved in youth sports is that certain aspects of parental involvement become detrimental to the development and experiences of young athletes. Early emphasis on winning, making money, and the disruption of education can exceedingly affect ones desire to further participate in a sport later on in his/her life. With more and more children participating in some sort of organized sport than ever before, there is a constant concern regarding the pressures kids are brought into to excel. Emotionally over-involved parents often think that it is their†¦show more content†¦Then, of course, the entire project collapsed. Drug addiction with its attendant legal and publicity problems arrived, and the NFL career blew up. The kid went through rehab and came back, but relapsed, and relapsed and relapsed again finally leaving sports all together. Tiger Woods, the Williams sisters, and Todd Marinovich are all examples of kids who were mainly edged on by his/her parent. Kids should not have to experience stress because of the pressure parents may put on them, nor should they need to believe that a loss is unacceptable. Theres just no reason why sports should have any negative aspects at all. Especially when there are so many positive things that sports can do for a child if introduced and ca rried out in the right way, specifically at a young age. Over time, these youngsters may be permanently emotionally exhausted causing some to turn to steroids in hope to gain an edge or perhaps give up on sports, and exercise, altogether. Intense training, of coaches from club or travel teams, becomes an enticement to win the next season which may carry on to the off-season to train and become better than the best. But wheres the fun in that? When will kids have the time to try out other sports? An increase in the number of reported instances of parents engaging in abusive, violent, and controlling behavior toward coaches,Show MoreRelated Ineffective Argument in Jessica Statskys Essay, Children need to Play, Not Compete966 Words   |  4 PagesJessica Statsky, in her essay, â€Å"Children need to Play, Not Compete† attempts to refute the common belief that organized sports are good for children. She sees organized sports not as healthy pass-times for children, but as onerous tasks that children do not truly enjoy. She also notes that not only are organized sports not enjoyable for children, they may cause irreparable harm to the children, both emotionally and physically. 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In order to supervise, teach andRead More Parental Violence and Youth Sports Essay2176 Words   |  9 Pages Participating in a sport at an early age can be essential to the overall growth process during a child’s upbringing. Whether the participation is through some sort of organized league or just getting together amongst friends and playing, the lessons learned from this can help teach these kids and provide a positive message to them as they develop. There is a certain point, however, when organized sports can hinder progress, which is when adults get too involved and forge t about the underlyingRead MoreThe Importance Of Youth Sports1044 Words   |  5 PagesThe Rally for Youth Sports Since their introduction in the early 1900s, youth sports programs have taken the United States by storm. Young athletes anywhere can partake in almost any sport that is offered around the world. Sports of any kind can bring millions of people to their feet. Sports build bonds and, in turn, can also create some of the best rivalries. The athletes that we know and love on television did not just come to be in one day or even one season. Star point-guards and nationally-lovedRead MoreEssay on Youth and Sports3652 Words   |  15 PagesRaising children in today’s society is not for the faint of heart. Raising children has never been easy, but it is especially difficult in youth sports today. Coaches and parents are putting a lot of pressure on our young sons and daughters. The pressure to succeed in sports at such a young age is taking the fun out of the sport by making it all about winning. A Personal Perspective My own interaction in youth sports has been many: As a parent, participantRead MoreI Am On The Uconn Women s Basketball Team1165 Words   |  5 Pages When I tell people I am from Phoenix, Arizona, they look at me funny and ask, â€Å"What are you doing in Connecticut?† My response is always the same, â€Å"I’m on the UConn women’s basketball team.† Sport has played a large role in my life and has definitely impacted me. My parents were key factors that helped me get to where I am now. Both of my parents were college athletes. My father played basketball at Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Before that, he was an all-state basketball playerRead More Influence of Sports Upon America’s Youth Essay2255 Words   |  10 PagesInfluence of Sports Upon America’s Youth Over the last two decades the growth of youth sports has reflected the popularity of professional sports in our society. Sporting events and news are available to the public twenty-four hours a day on television and radio: sports are an enormous industry. The outstanding popularity of the sports industry has profoundly affected youth sports organizations. An estimated twenty-five million children age six through eighteen participate in at least one schoolRead More Youth Sports are Beneficial Essay3780 Words   |  16 PagesYouth Sports are Beneficial Works Cited Not Included Nearly every child, at one point or another in his young and impressionable life, has particiapated in sports. Whether it is a pick-up basketball game at a playground after school, or organized Little League, complete with ninety-foot bases and replicated major league uniforms, sports play an intricate part of the development and maturation of a youngster. Beneath it’s presumed purity, however, lies an occasionally seedy underbelly. Win-at-all

Leadership for Role of Teachers as Leaders - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theLeadership for Role of Teachers as Leaders. Answer: Introduction: A leader is defined as an individual who leads, commands, exercises authority over a group of people, and essentially enables them to achieve some goals. Usually, the term leadership is associated with the idea of a leader assuming managerial roles in an organization. However, at present times, the idea of leadership has expanded, and it is also used to imply educational leadership. Though less acknowledged, the teachers also assume the role of effective leaders, bringing about massive change in the lives of the students, leading them to learn a variety of new things, and implement plans that will bring about positive changes in the lives of the students (DuFour Marzano, 2015). A teacher enacts the role of a leader by structuring the academic curricula as per the needs of the students, diagnoses the specific needs of an individual student, and recognizes the importance of impacting the life of every student on a daily basis. As far as the schools of India are concerned, the school t eachers are involved actively, in the process of ensuring overall development of the child. Hence, it is important to assess and evaluate the leadership role as adopted by the teachers of India, and examine the effectiveness of the leadership style as adopted by the teachers of Indian schools. Discussion: Role of Teachers as Leaders in Indian Schools: The teachers enact the roles of leaders successfully in the Indian schools. A leader is being defined as a person, who is the head of a group, who inspires his followers to work perseveringly towards the accomplishment of a specific goal. Like any leader, a teacher utilizes the talent and ability of the individual students, and helps them expand their knowledge. Besides, the role of a leader is not merely confined to the act of guiding the followers to the accomplishment of the goals, but also to motivate them so that they are encouraged to work harder to achieve their goals. The motivational ability of the leader is an integral leadership quality [resent amongst the teachers of India. They motivate the students to learn even if they are suffering from temporary setbacks such as financial constraints, mental disability like Dyslexia or Autism and physical disability. While demonstrating leadership in the school premises, the teachers enable the students have faith in their ability so that they can confidently perform their tasks and surmount any kind of obstacle in the process (Soheili et al., 2014). The influence a leader has on the mind of his followers is mention worthy, and in case of the teachers of the Indian schools, he same is found to hold truth. In India, the teachers roles are not solely confined to the schools they are teaching in, but rather expand outside the school premise. It should be remembered that the teachers of the Indian schools rely especially on the use of the Visionary Leadership style, whereby they incorporate their values, ideals and beliefs in their teaching methods as well. Consequently, the teachers not only expand the horizon of knowledge of the students y teaching a variety of subjects, but also essentially influences their though process, by educating them about the moral values of human life. Hence, unlike most of the international teachers, the Indian teachers need to exhibit a strong awareness regarding the ethical codes of conduct as well as moral values (Lieerman, 2015)). A teacher teaches the students, the importance of helping others, or taking care of the old and the sick people. Hence, the teachers of the Indian schools have a strong impact on the lives of the students outside the school premises as well. Unlike the leadership approaches as taken by the teachers of most countries, the Indian teachers not only focus on the importance of the formal educational leadership approach, but also on the moral or ethical leadership approach. Hence, as leaders, the influence of the Indian teachers on their students is much more far-reaching (Bond, 2014) Leadership Roles in the Educational Sectors: It should be noted that the all kinds of teachers are usually not considered to be the leaders of the educational industry. According to pat researches, only those teachers who actively, and not passively contribute to the learning development of the student, both within and outside the school are considered to be the actual leaders of the schools. Herein lays the importance of the lead teachers, who are solely considered to be the leaders of the schools. In the year of 1986, a report funded by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching claimed that each educational institution must entrust the duty of leading other teachers achieve learning outcomes for the students of a particular class (qvist Malmstrm, 2016). Hence, the lead teachers formulate the lesson plans, implement the action plans, and determine the learning outcomes of each chapter before the same is being taught to the students. Thus, these lead teachers take up the leadership roles in many of the Indian sch ools, who guide and command the subordinate teachers, regarding the content of teaching a specific group of students or the strategy adopted for the accomplishment of the time (Shah et al., 2015). Thus, the lead teachers in many India schools offer a sense of direction to the other teachers, while the latter group usually emulates what the former seeks to do. At the core of the very definition of leadership lays the two functions of the leader- his ability to provide direction and his power to exercise influence over the peers. Considering the hierarchical structure of the Indian schools, in the Indians schools, the lead teachers (also referred to as the teachers in charge) take up the leadership responsibilities, to which the roles of other teachers-leaders are subordinated. However, it should be argued, that each teacher as individuals do optimize the teaching and learning experience for themselves and the students (Klar et al., 2016). Hence, eliminating the contribution of other teachers, and subordinating them to the teacher in charge is unjustified. The Indian teachers, both the teacher leads as well as the ordinary teachers, satisfy the four important requirements expected out of a leader: The teachers take up challenges, and if necessary create changes to ensure smooth and effective delivery of excellent quality of education. The teachers ensure the overall development and academic growth of every student, thereby satisfying the organizational goals, mission and vision. The teachers work autonomously and independently to bring about a change if any, and does not entertain unnecessary external intervention. Thus, they are the goal setters. They are involved in accomplishing the noble missions that will ensure overall social welfare. For example, the teachers teach the students, the importance of integrity and moral duties. It should be remembered that any form of leadership does not merely involve the function of the mind, but also needs active engagement of the heart. Much beyond the beliefs and ideals of the teachers, the Indian teachers actively empathize with the concerns of the students, engage in their learning needs and exemplifies leadership with heart by being approachable and sharing the ideas, time, and support. The teachers not only motivate the students, but also chalk out distinctive teaching strategies as per the individual needs of the students (Saravanabhavan et al., 2016). Hence, considering the nurturing and supportive as well as guiding skills each teacher uses in the teaching process, each individual teacher should be termed as leaders in the truest sense. Leadership Style as Followed by the Teachers of the Indian Schools: While explaining the leadership style as followed by the Indian teachers, it should be remembered that the Indian teachers take up the mix of two leadership styles- the Authoritative Leadership style and the Visionary Leadership style. The teachers assume the role of mentors in the Indian schools whereby they not only teach the students helping them to expand their knowledge, but also act as their role models. The teacher teaches the students the importance of acquiring wisdom, behaving ethically and leading a life of disciplines. As a mentor, the teacher assumes the role of an autocratic and authoritative leader who commands and directs the employees regarding which direction they need to pursue to succeed in life or rather to accomplish the present task (Muralidharan Sundararaman, 2013). The students demands are however completely subordinated to the decision of the teachers. This is the reason why most of the Indian schools have a teacher-centric learning environment that conside rs the students needs but does not essentially recognize the importance of student interests. However, since the teachers are the only decision-makers in such situations, the students often lose interest in their studies and reluctantly follow the orders of the teachers. However, this authoritative leadership style enables the teachers exercise sufficient control over the classroom activities, and positively affects the learning activity of the students. As the leaders of the class, the teachers offer a sense of constant direction to the students, by teaching them new things and guiding them to complete their education in the long run (Das et al., 2013). The teachers teaching in the Indian schools possess the empathy, high sense of responsibility as well as the decision making capability expected out of a leader. As the authoritative leader, the leaders frame the syllabus, and determine which teaching methodology would best suit the needs of the students. He works independently as a n authoritative leader. Besides, in addition to this style of leadership, the visionary leadership style is also being followed by the teachers of the Indian schools. Consequently the teachers motivate the students to pursue the right and virtuous way, inspiring them to follow an ethical life. The teachers set a vision regarding what will constitute the framework of leading a healthy, normal life and accordingly incorporate the ethical values and moral lessons in the academic curriculum as well (Das et al., 2013). It should be remembered that the vision of an ideal human being is highly important, and the teacher not only assumes the leadership role for guiding the students to pursue their career, but also for enabling them lead the ideal life of virtuous person. This is the reason why the Indian teachers teach subjects like Value Education to the students as well. The role of the teachers as the effective leaders in the schools of India is not confined to their duty of guiding the students in the academic matters, motivating them to achieve heights of academic success, but the teachers are also expected to assume leadership roles in shaping the character of the students (Mittal et al., 2015). Thus, the teachers in Indians schools have a far reaching impact on the lives of the students, affecting them both within the schools as well as outside, The teachers ensure that the students not only learn mattes of academic interest from the schools but also the lessons that can help them lead a better live in future. Seen in this context, just like the true leaders, the teachers of the Indian schools also act as the torch-bearers for the young learners (Rao, 2014). Conclusion: To conclude, it should be remembered that the teachers assume the role of leaders who utilize all the resources and services to improve the skills, knowledge and understanding of the students. The teachers have always been referred to as the leaders, and the reason does not merely lie in their ability to teach and stimulate the students, but also in influencing the future of thousands of students. Although the leadership style as followed in the Indian schools is highly impressive, a Democratic Leadership style as followed in the schools could be more beneficial to the students. This style of leadership can enable faster academic growth amongst the students, engaging them in an interactive way and acknowledges the importance of student feedback as well. The leadership style as followed in Indian schools is highly effective, yet the teachers should introduce a more learner-centric environment in order to comprehend the learner needs as well. Reference List: Bond, N. (2014).The power of teacher leaders: Their roles, influence, and impact. Routledge. Das, A. K., Gichuru, M., Singh, A. (2013). Implementing inclusive education in Delhi, India: regular school teachers preferences for professional development delivery modes.Professional Development in Education,39(5), 698-711. DuFour, R., Marzano, R. J. (2015).Leaders of learning: How district, school, and classroom leaders improve student achievement. Solution Tree Press. Klar, H. W., Huggins, K. S., Hammonds, H. L., Buskey, F. C. (2016). Fostering the capacity for distributed leadership: A post-heroic approach to leading school improvement.International Journal of Leadership in Education,19(2), 111-137. Lieberman, A. (2015, January). Introduction to Creating the conditions for learning: Teachers as leaders. InThe Educational Forum(Vol. 79, No. 1, pp. 3-4). Routledge. Mittal, S., Gera, R., Batra, D. K. (2015). Evaluating the validity of Student Evaluation of Teaching Effectiveness (SET) in India.Education+ Training,57(6), 623-638. Muralidharan, K., Sundararaman, V. (2013).Contract teachers: Experimental evidence from India(No. w19440). National Bureau of Economic Research. qvist, A., Malmstrm, M. (2016). Teachers leadership: a maker or a breaker of students educational motivation.School Leadership Management, 1-16. Rao, M. S. (2014). Transformational leadershipan academic case study.Industrial and Commercial Training,46(3), 150-154. Saravanabhavan, R., Pushpanadham, K., Saravanabhavan, S. (2016). India: School Leadership, India at the Crossroads. InA Decade of Research on School Principals(pp. 471-481). Springer International Publishing. Shah, S. S. H., Ali, N., Anwer, M., Jaffar, A. (2015). Nurturing Sustainable Teachers Leadership Culture: Possibilities, Challenges, Stakeholders Behavior Analysis in the Context of Pakistan. Soheili, F., Alizadeh, H., Murphy, J. M., Bajestani, H. S., Ferguson, E. D. (2015). Teachers as Leaders: The Impact of Adler-Dreikurs Classroom Management Techniques on Students' Perceptions of the Classroom Environment and on Academic Achievement.The Journal of Individual Psychology,71(4), 440-461.

To Pray, or not to pray Essay Example For Students

To Pray, or not to pray? Essay Erika StrussIntroduction to education1:00 Tuesday, ThursdayA very controversial issue faced in schools today is the subject of prayer in the classroom, and rightfully so it is an issue that should be discussed. In America there are hundreds, if not thousands of different religions and beliefs among people. Unlike thirty years ago, Christianity is not the only one that is recognized in this country. In the Internet article I choose it tells of three specific incidences that have occurred recently in schools. The first tells of a picture of Jesus Christ that had hung on the wall of a public school for nearly thirty years, and then because of a student lawsuit it was removed. The second tells of a school that opened their football games with a prayer, and recently replaced it with a moment of silence. And the third tells about a school who has a moment of silence after the pledge of allegiance, and the community is angered because this is supposedly just another form of prayer. My personal belief is that prayer should not be aloud in our nation schools. I myself am a practicing Christian, and choose to pray on my own before tests, and at other times, but I strongly feel that people with other beliefs should not be subjected to my, or even the majority of the classs beliefs. In America, it is a right of the people to choose their belief, or lack there of, and we should learn to res pect and honor that. We will write a custom essay on To Pray, or not to pray? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now I personally agree with the first two statements. The picture of Jesus should not be aloud because Jesus Christ is mainly a Christian icon. I also believe that a moment of silent meditation is much more appropriate than a prayer, Therefore I think the people fighting against it are in the wrong. Everyone in America, or in the world for that matter, in my opinion, has the right to an education, and an atmosphere suited to his or her needs. If we disrespect the growing diversity in our schools, just to maintain a tradition, than we are not supplying what the constitution demands. Public schools should do their utmost to give every student an equal learning opportunity, and by forcing prayer and Christianity down their throats, America is not achieving its goals. As you can see my feelings are strong, but they are clearly stated. I believe there should not be prayer in public schools. I recently found out about groups in schools who are focused around prayer, and a specific religion. I strongly encourage those students that have a need to pray during school, should join these groups. Otherwise they should practice on their own.

Absolutism and Democracy Essays

Absolutism and Democracy Essays Absolutism and Democracy Essay Absolutism and Democracy Essay What would happen if you got two different governments going head to head, fighting to see who is better? What if those two governments were Democracy and Absolutism? In the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries, they were both used, and one was more effective; But which one? In this time period, Absolutism was the best form of government, because it was effective and worked for the people. In an Absolutism government, or a Monarchy, it was believed the Kings worked with God, and He bestowed them with the power to be King. In Document Two, King James said, â€Å"Kings are not only God’s lieutenants upon earth†¦ But even by God himself they are called gods†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is because the people believed Kings have powers similar to God’s. Kings can create and destroy; Can judge, but are not judged; Give life or send death. The people honestly believed because of this, they worked together with God. Their teamwork with God is why Kings were accepted by the people, and why Absolutism was accepted as well. Kings used fear to gain control over the people, which is why they didn’t fight against it. Machiavelli wrote in The Prince that a prince needs to be feared by the people; Not loved and well liked. He would be incapable of being able to hold power over the people. If there wasn’t a King, then there would be no control in the government. People would be deciding everything for themselves, and it would end in disaster. The King/ Prince kept them in line, and the people didn’t revolt. â€Å"The head alone has the right to deliberate and decide, and the functions of all the other members consist only in carrying out the commands given to them†¦Ã¢â‚¬  King Louis XIV said that the King is the only person able to give the right orders, and make the right decisions. Everyone else was there to follow through on what he said. The interest of the state must come before the individual. The King was the only person capable of making sure the right decisions were made, and that the other members carried out the commands. So as you can see, Absolutism would win against Democracy in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries. It was more efficient, and worked well for them. The Kings had the power, and everyone was content with how things were set up. The people felt like this was how it ought to be, and it was. That is why Absolutism is the best form of government in this time period.

Hacking essays

Hacking essays Explain the ways in which hacking is an offence under the UK Computer Misuse Act (1990). Illustrate your answers with examples and cases from the news or text books. Definition of Hacker: Someone who uses computer skills to gain unauthorized access to computer systems, or A malicious meddler who tries to discover sensitive information by poking around. A hacker is a particularly talented, dedicated programmer; hackers top the list of cyber criminals. The main reason that hacker hack is that they wish to make money out of the data they steal. If a hacker steals top secret government data then he/she has a very good chance of making millions. Other reasons are that some hackers just hack for pure enjoyment; their main objective is to cause as much chaos as possible of companies and organizations. Some hackers believe that they are of an elite people and that they are invincible when it comes to programming and hacking. The International Chamber of Commerces Commercial Crime Service (CCS) reported that the biggest cyber crime was general hacking. This is hacking for no financial gain, just pure vandalism and show. The second cyber crime is hacking for financial gain. Those who hack to steal money, commit fraud, or simply blackmail. [1] The belief of the public is that people become hackers because they wish to destroy other peoples computers and the data stored on them. Hackers claim that they hack because they wish for the free flow of information and that is not provided to them through legal means. The other main type of hackers is those who hack into companies and governments for the pride of being able to say they did it. These people will often be very adapt hackers who break into computers and servers, leave some sort of mark saying that they were there, and then leave without damaging anything on the system. This group of hackers gets their thrills from...

Managed Project Learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managed Project Learning - Essay Example The essay "Managed Project Learning" considers the advantages and disadvantages of the construction plan of eco-friendly housing units in the area east of the Port Dunda’s branch of Forth and Clyde. There is a canal about 35 miles long known as the Forth and Clyde canal that borders the proposed eco-friendly homes construction site. This canal runs right across Scotland. A major concern for the developers will be the landscape of the area. In the context of accessibility, is the proposed area in close proximity to services? The assessment focuses on determining whether or not services required for a person to lead a normal life are available. The services should also be close to the residential units that are to be developed. Certain facilities such as post offices, shops, restaurants should be within cycling, wheelchair or walking distance.The proposed area is very near the Glasgow City. This means that the occupants of the New Generation eco-friendly houses will have easy ac cess to very many services such as employment, hospitals, leisure, transport hubs, out-of-town retail shops, schools, stadia etc. the travel demands required in order to access most of this services have partly been met by the Pinkston road that joins with the M8. This will need to be reconsidered since the local authority believes that the Pinkston road already serves to its intended capacity. The soil is extremely important as it has many wide and important functions. These include support for plants, agriculture, and biodiversity.